Categories
Precious Metals

Visualizing $21 Trillion of National Debt: Which Presidents You Should Blame the Most

Original Source: https://howmuch.net/articles/usa-debt-by-president

rnest Hemingway once supposedly wrote, “How did you go bankrupt? Two ways. Gradually, then suddenly.”

Hemingway’s observation looks increasingly spot on when it comes to the U.S. national debt, which now stands at well over $21 trillion. A trillion dollars written out is $1,000,000,000,000. That’s 12 zeroes. How did we get here? Our visualization offers a unique perspective, breaking down the debt into the deficits each U.S. President has added throughout American history.

The U.S. Treasury tracks the historical data for U.S. government debt. Overall figures from before 1950 can be found here, and more specific numbers after 1950 can be found here. We should also give proper credit for pulling these disparate sources together to The Balance. We created a 3-D visualization showing the cumulative deficits each U.S. President has added to the national debt in history, where each block represents $3 billion in today’s dollars. All the Presidents from 1789 – 1913 are lumped together at the bottom, but as you move from the bottom up, you can see the color-coded contribution from each administration. The numbers for future increases to the debt under President Trump came come directly from the White House.

There are a few caveats to keep in mind when thinking about this visualization. First off, the numbers represent inflation-adjusted dollars to make a fair comparison over several years. Presidents also don’t have total control over the deficit. For example, the deficit during their first year in office is predetermined by their predecessor’s budget. Fiscal policies are also ultimately set by Congress even if the President submits a budget blueprint for consideration. And finally, deficits tend to grow during economic downturns and times of war and shrink during more prosperous and peaceful times. That’s why some economists prefer to look at deficits as a percentage of national GDP as opposed to overall terms. After all, a “large” deficit might not actually be very big if it’s tiny compared to the size of the economy.

With all that being said, there’s a lot that we can learn from our visualization. Let’s start by looking at the overall picture, namely, deficits only started growing substantially in the last 40 years of American history. Prior to the Reagan administration, the combined cumulative U.S. debt stood at only about $750 billion, which Reagan almost tripled over 8 years. None of his successors then slowed down, with George H.W. Bush adding $1.55 trillion in a single term, followed by Clinton at $1.4 trillion, Bush at $5.85 trillion, and Obama $8.59 trillion, all over 2 terms. Trump is meanwhile projected to add a total $4.78 trillion during his first term.

So the overall trajectory of the deficit is to keep getting bigger year after year. Reagan inherited a national debt of $750 billion, and Trump added almost $779 billion in fiscal 2018 alone. Yes, there are some periods of stabilization or even contraction, but in general, Presidents from both parties keep adding more and more to the national debt.

What does all this really mean? Is the country ever going dramatically change course? It’s hard to say, but the good news is that the U.S. government can still issue debt at historically favorable rates, with the 30-year treasury bill yielding only 3.24% right now. And measured against the size of the entire economy, the annual deficit is still less than5% of GDP even if the total debt is now larger than 100% of GDP. Eventually something is going to have to change, but in the near term it looks like deficits really don’t matter. Remember what Hemingway said, “Gradually, then suddenly.”
Data: Table 1.1

by
Raul
29 October 2018
Visualization

 

Categories
Precious Metals

JUNIOR MINING | Rise Gold Announces Final Closing of C$2.5 Million Financing

ancouver, British Columbia–(Newsfile Corp. – November 6, 2018) – Rise Gold Corp. (CSE: RISE) (OTCQB: RYES) (the “Company“) announces that it has closed the second and final tranche of the non-brokered private placement announced in its October 16, 2018 news release (the “Private Placement“).

In the final tranche closing, the Company raised a total of $750,000 through the sale of 7,500,000 units (each a “Unit“) at $0.10 per Unit where each Unit consists of one share of common stock (a “Share“) and one half of one share purchase warrant (a “Warrant“). Each whole Warrant entitles the holder to acquire one Share at an exercise price of $0.13 until November 5, 2020. All 7,500,000 Units issued in the final tranche were acquired by Southern Arc Minerals Inc. (“Southern Arc“). All securities issued pursuant to the Private Placement will be subject to statutory hold periods in accordance with applicable United States and Canadian securities laws. The Company will use the proceeds from the Private Placement for the advancement of its Idaho-Maryland Gold Project and for general working capital.

Yamana Gold Inc. (TSX: YRI) (NYSE: AUY) (“Yamana“) recently completed a strategic initial investment of C$1.75 million in the Company through the purchase of 17,500,000 Units through a wholly-owned subsidiary, Meridian Jerritt Canyon Corp., in the closing of the first tranche of the financing. Yamana is a Canadian-based gold producer with significant gold production, gold development stage properties, exploration properties, and land positions throughout the Americas including Canada, Brazil, Chile and Argentina.

Southern Arc is an insider of the Company by virtue of its shareholdings, and as a result, its participation in the Private Placement constitutes a “related party transaction” under Multilateral Instrument 61-101 Protection of Minority Security Holders in Special Transactions (“MI 61-101”). The related party transaction is exempt from the formal valuation requirements of Section 5.4 of MI 61-101 pursuant to subsection 5.5(a) of MI 61-101, and exempt from the minority approval requirements of Section 5.6 of MI 61-101 pursuant to subsection 5.7(1)(a) of MI 61-101. The Company will file a material change report. A material change report was not filed more than 21 days prior to closing as contemplated by the related party transaction requirements under MI 61-101 as the insider participation was only recently confirmed.

The securities offered have not been registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “U.S. Securities Act“), or any state securities laws and may not be offered or sold absent registration or compliance with an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act and applicable state securities laws.

About Rise Gold Corp.

Rise Gold is an exploration-stage mining company. The Company’s principal asset is the historic past-producing Idaho-Maryland Gold Mine located in Nevada County, California, USA. The Idaho-Maryland Gold Mine is a past producing gold mine with total past production of 2,414,000 oz of gold at an average mill head grade of 17 gpt gold from 1866-1955. Historic production at the Idaho-Maryland Mine is disclosed in the Technical Report on the Idaho-Maryland Project dated June 1st, 2017 and available on www.sedar.com. Rise Gold is incorporated in Nevada, USA and maintains its head office in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

On behalf of the Board of Directors:

Benjamin Mossman
President, CEO and Director
Rise Gold Corp.

For further information, please contact:

RISE GOLD CORP.
Suite 650, 669 Howe Street
Vancouver, BC V6C 0B4
T: 604.260.4577
info@risegoldcorp.com

www.risegoldcorp.com

The CSE has not reviewed, approved or disapproved the contents of this news release.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking statements are frequently characterized by words such as “plan”, “expect”, “project”, “intend”, “believe”, “anticipate”, “estimate” and other similar words or statements that certain events or conditions “may” or “will” occur.

Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, there can be no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions related to certain factors including, without limitation, obtaining all necessary approvals, meeting expenditure and financing requirements, compliance with environmental regulations, title matters, operating hazards, metal prices, political and economic factors, competitive factors, general economic conditions, relationships with vendors and strategic partners, governmental regulation and supervision, seasonality, technological change, industry practices, and one-time events that may cause actual results, performance or developments to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements and information contained in this release. Rise undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements or information except as required by law.

Categories
Precious Metals

JUNIOR MINING | Pacton Signs Golden Palms Definitive Agreement

VANCOUVER , Nov. 6, 2018 /CNW/ – Pacton Gold Inc. (TSXV: PAC, OTC: PACXF, FSE: 2NKN) (the “Company” or “Pacton“) is pleased to announce closing of the Golden Palms property (E 47/3810) acquisition agreement. (Pacton News: Oct 19, 2018 ).

The Golden Palms project is strategically significant in that it extends Pacton’s adjacent Friendly Creek and Hong Kong tenements northward and westward to join Novo Resources Corp.’s Egina project. (Pacton News: Sept 21, 2018 ). (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Location map of Pacton tenements in the Egina Area. (CNW Group/Pacton Gold Inc.)

View photos

Figure 1. Location map of Pacton tenements in the Egina Area. (CNW Group/Pacton Gold Inc.)

Under the terms of the Golden Palms agreement, Pacton will purchase 100% of the property by paying a total of $100,000 and issuing 400,000 common shares on completion of the transaction.

The Company also announces that it has entered into an option agreement to purchase 12 mineral claims located in the Red Lake Mining Division, Ontario (the “Red Lake Property“), for aggregate consideration of $110,000 and 250,000 common shares to be paid and issued over two years.  The claims are subject to net smelter returns royalties ranging from 0.25% to 2.25%, half of which can be purchased by the Company for $250,000 . The 12 newly acquired mineral claims are strategically located between Pure Gold’s Madsen and Wedge zone ground and Great Bear Resource’s Dixie discovery. In late September 2018 , Great Bear Resources reported a drill intersection of 18.23 g/t Au over a drill width of 10.35 meters in what was described as “crack-seal” style veining typical of the Red Lake district (see Great Bear Resources press release dated September 27 , 2018). Pacton has now consolidated this strategic land position with the acquisition of these claims within a fertile gold bearing district (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Location map of Pacton claims in Red Lake area (CNW Group/Pacton Gold Inc.)

View photos

Figure 2. Location map of Pacton claims in Red Lake area (CNW Group/Pacton Gold Inc.)

Both the Golden Palms agreement and Red Lake Property agreement are subject to the acceptance of the TSX Venture Exchange. The Company will be seeking such acceptance forthwith.

The technical content of this news release has been reviewed and approved by Peter Caldbick , P.Geo., a director of the Company and a Qualified Person pursuant to National Instrument 43‑101.

About Pacton Gold

Pacton Gold is a well-financed Canadian junior with key strategic partners focused on the exploration and development of conglomerate-hosted gold properties located in the district-scale Pilbara gold rush in Western Australia.

On Behalf of the Board of Pacton Gold Inc.

Alec Pismiris
Interim President & CEO

This news release contains or refers to forward-looking information based on current expectations, including, but not limited to the Company completion of the proposed transaction described herein, the prospect of the Company achieving success in exploring its properties and the impact on the Company of these events, including the effect on its share price. Forward-looking information is subject to significant risks and uncertainties, as actual results may differ materially from forecasted results. Forward-looking information is provided as of the date hereof and we assume no responsibility to update or revise such information to reflect new events or circumstances.

Neither TSX Venture Exchange, the Toronto Stock Exchange nor their Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

Cision
Cision

View original content to download multimedia:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/pacton-signs-golden-palms-definitive-agreement-300744502.html

SOURCE Pacton Gold Inc.

View photos

View original content to download multimedia: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/November2018/06/c6217.html

Categories
Base Metals

JUNIOR MINING | Pacific Empire Minerals Announces Listing on the OTCQB Venture Market Exchange

Vancouver, British Columbia–(Newsfile Corp. – November 5, 2018) – Pacific Empire Minerals Corp. (TSXV: PEMC) (OTCQB: PEMSF) (“Pacific Empire”, “PEMC” or the “Company”), a hybrid prospect generator focused in British Columbia, is pleased to announce that it has received approval to begin trading its common shares on the OTC Markets Group’s OTCQB Venture Market in the United States under the symbol “PEMSF”. Pacific Empire’s common shares will begin trading on the OTCQB Marketplace on November 6, 2018 and will continue to trade on the TSX Venture Exchange.

The OTCQB is recognized as an established public financial market for international companies, including natural resource companies in the exploration industry, to trade in the U.S. The OTCQB Venture Market offers companies the opportunity to build their visibility, expand their liquidity and diversify their shareholder base on an established, public market. The OTCQB offers transparent trading in early stage, exploration companies and provides annual verification and certification of management to investors thereby improving their level of information and trading experience.

Brad Peters, Pacific Empire’s President and CEO, stated, “We are pleased to be listed on the OTCQB, as this provides an opportunity to attract a broader base of international investors. Trading on the OTCQB will expand the company’s presence to new and existing shareholders in the United States with a transparent trading platform. Admission to the OTCQB exchange is part of our strategy to introduce the company to a wide range of institutional and retail investors in the United States.

About Pacific Empire Minerals Corp.

PEMC is an exploration company based in Vancouver, British Columbia, that employs a “hybrid prospect generator” business model. By integrating the project generator business model with low-cost reverse circulation drilling, the company is able to leverage its portfolio by identifying, and focusing on, the highest quality projects for partnerships and advancement.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD,

Brad Peters
President and Chief Executive Officer

Pacific Empire Minerals Corp.
Tel: +1-604-356-6246
brad@pemcorp.ca
www.pemcorp.ca

Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

Forward-Looking Statements

Information set forth in this news release may involve forward-looking statements under applicable securities laws. Forward-looking statements are statements that relate to future, not past, events. In this context, forward-looking statements often address expected future business and financial performance, and often contain words such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “plan”, “estimate”, “expect”, and “intend”, statements that an action or event “may”, “might”, “could”, “should”, or “will” be taken or occur, or other similar expressions. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included herein including, without limitation, are forward-looking statements. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or other future events, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the following risks: the need for additional financing; operational risks associated with mineral exploration; fluctuations in commodity prices; title matters; environmental liability claims and insurance; reliance on key personnel; the potential for conflicts of interest among certain officers, directors or promoters with certain other projects; the absence of dividends; competition; dilution; the volatility of our common share price and volume and the additional risks identified the management discussion and analysis section of our interim and most recent annual financial statement or other reports and filings with the TSX Venture Exchange and applicable Canadian securities regulations. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s beliefs, estimates and opinions on the date that statements are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change, except as required by applicable securities laws. Investors are cautioned against attributing undue certainty to forward-looking statements.

Categories
Base Metals Precious Metals Project Generators

MINING | Sprott Inc. Announces Date for 2018 Third Quarter Results Conference Call

TORONTO, Nov. 05, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Sprott Inc. (SII.TO) will host a conference call on Monday, November 12, 2018 at 10:00 a.m. ET to discuss its 2018 third quarter results.  Peter Grosskopf, CEO of Sprott will host the call with Kevin Hibbert, CFO of Sprott. The Company plans to release its financial results at 7:00 a.m. ET the same day.

Conference Call Details
To participate in the call, please dial (855) 458-4215 ten minutes prior to the scheduled start of the call and provide conference ID1985987. A taped replay of the conference call will be available until Monday, November 19, 2018 by calling (855) 859-2056, reference number 1985987. The conference call will be webcast live at www.sprott.com and https://edge.media-server.com/m6/p/35ysaejp

About Sprott Inc. 

Sprott is an alternative asset manager and a global leader in precious metal and real asset investments. Through its subsidiaries in Canada, the US and Asia, the Corporation is dedicated to providing investors with best-in-class investment strategies that include Exchange Listed Products, Alternative Asset Management and Private Resource Investments. The Corporation also operates Merchant Banking and Brokerage businesses in both Canada and the US. Sprott is based in Toronto with offices in New York, Carlsbad and Vancouver and its common shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol (SII.TO). For more information, please visit www.sprott.com

Investor contact information: (416) 943-4394 or ir@sprott.com.

Categories
Energy Oil & Gas

KEVIN DOUGAN | JCO- The Rodney D of the Oil Patch

Original Source: https://kdblueskymarketing.com/knock-knock-on-heavens-door/

JERICHO OIL
The Rodney Dangerfield of the Junior Oil & Gas Sector
In my humble opinion… Jericho Oil (JCO) is one of the least respected and most misunderstood companies in the Junior Oil & Gas Sector. Let’s learn and have a few laughs along the way.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I asked my old man if I could go ice skating on the lake. He told me                        wait till it gets warmer.
A barrel of Crude Oil a few years ago was cheaper than a bucket of Kentucky Fried Chicken. I kid you not!!! Those days are over. Oil has more than doubled and is hovering around $65. This means ever increasing profits in upcoming quarters, which should significantly boost share price.
I TELL YA THEY GET NO RESPECT!!!
 
 
 
I told my doctor I swallowed a bottle of sleeping pills. He told me to have a few drinks and get some rest.
Jericho Oil’s share price is CAD 52 cents, almost at its 52-week low and off over 60% from its yearly high. With oil prices rising significantly this year… something is definitely wrong with this picture.
I TELL YA THEY GET NO RESPECT!!
 
This morning when I put on my underwear, I could hear the Fruit of the Loom guys laughing at me.
Invest with the smart money…Jericho has world-class, patient shareholders (cornerstone investors include the Breen [Ed Breen, CEO, DowDuPont] and Belzberg families…(google them, very savvy investors and business titans). They got in at the company’s inception and provided all important strong equity financing support during the lean years 2015-2017 when others were fleeing the market. Follow the smart money. Money begets money !!!
I TELL YA – HE GETS NO RESPECT!!!
My wife made me join the Bridge Club … I jump off next Tuesday.
The stock is very tightly held…JCO insiders hold ≈ 46% of the 128 Million of the issued and outstanding shares. The top 10 investors own ≈ 70% of the company and are in it to win it !!!
I TELL YA – HE GETS NO RESPECT!!!
 
I could tell my parents hated me. My bath toys were a toaster and a radio.
Jericho with zero net debt, JCO had the cash and foresight during the downturn to acquire a very high-quality portfolio of assets from distressed sellers… at the bottom of the market. Today JCO owns and operates ≈55,000 net acres in Oklahoma… including an interest in ≈16,000 in the prolific STACK Play, which was acquired well below the current market prices.
I TELL YOU THIS COMPANY GETS NO RESPECT!!!
 
I looked up my family tree and found 3 dogs using it.
JCO is laser focused. Its assets are all within close radius in Oklahoma Basin and its team of experts are all based locally, which will keep costs down significantly as the company grows.
 
Last week I told my psychiatrist “I keep thinking about suicide”. He told me from now on you have to pay in advance.
Jericho Oil operates in a very pro-oil, pro-growth jurisdiction—Oklahoma is ranked as one of the top 2 jurisdictions globally for oil and gas investment (source: Fraser Institute). As Texas oil fields dry up the smart money is heading north to Oklahoma.
I TELL YA – WE GET NO RESPECT!!!
 
 
 
 
 
What a childhood I had, when I took my first steps my old man tripped me.
Oil is here to stay- Elon Musk and his exploding cars assures that? The World runs on Oil and JCO has it in spades. Oil is the lubricant that keeps the World Economy humming. Problems in Venezuela and many Middle Eastern nations assure the prosperity and popularity of US Crude Oil and any company with land packages in oil rich Mid -America will thrive for years to come.
 
I TELL YA THIS COMPANY GETS NO RESPECT!!!
 
 
My wife and I were happy for 20 years. Then we met!!!
Management is young, experienced and most importantly extremely business savvy as witnessed by the scooping up of tremendous assets at fire sale prices. CEO Brian Williamson sheepishly proclaimed “Never let a good crisis go to waste.” That my friends and fellow investors, is how fortunes are made !!!
In closing … I hope his article made you smile and perhaps laugh out loud. Trust me – I’m serious as a heart attack when I say this investment game is really no laughing matter. We have been through close to 15 years of a bull market in Tech and Fortune-100 stocks. It is high time to position yourself in high quality junior resource stocks which should boom when money flows into this neglected sector. It sure seems the Dow Jones bull is on its last legs and ran its course.
 
THIS COMPANY WILL BE RESPECTED SOON – JUST LIKE MY PAL RODNEY!!!
For those who never heard of Rodney Dangerfield – Enjoy !!!  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MecU2keW54I
 
While I am relatively new to the Oil and Gas sector after years investing in Gold and Silver Miners. The same investment principles hold true. Buy Low…Sell High. Sounds simple but 90% of investors can’t seem to embrace that concept. You must be a contrarian investor and seek out the unloved and undervalued companies. The cream always rises to the top… In my humble opinion Jericho Oil fits this to a tee.
Oklahoma is nicknamed the “Sooner State”. I suggest you get into JCO sooner than later ?. Jesse Livermore considered the greatest stock trader of all-time wisely advised “Buy Right & Sit Tight”.
Symbol JCO- Can
JROOF- OTC
Share Price 52 cents Can
Market Cap $ 67 Million
Shares Outstanding 128 M
52 week Low/High  .49-$1.38
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
www.kdbluskymarketing.com

Categories
Precious Metals

JUNIOR MINING | Contact Gold Raises $635,000 from Sale of Non-Core Exploration Properties

Vancouver, British Columbia–(Newsfile Corp. – November 5, 2018) – Contact Gold Corp. (TSXV: C) (the “Company” or Contact Gold) is pleased to announce it has entered into an agreement to sell its Golden Cloud and Santa Renia properties to a subsidiary of Waterton Precious Metals Fund II Cayman, LP for cash proceeds to Contact Gold of $635,000 (US $485,975) (the “Transaction”).

The Transaction is consistent with the Company’s stated objective to derive value from its non-core exploration assets. The Company is focused on advancing its flagship Pony Creek project on the southern Carlin Trend, neighboring Gold Standard Ventures’ Railroad project.

After the Company completed strategic and technical reviews, it concluded that more value would be derived in the immediate and intermediate terms through a monetization than through continued exploration of the Golden Cloud and Santa Renia properties.

Closing to the Transaction is subject to a regulatory approval, applicable Canadian securities laws and the approval of the TSX Venture Exchange (the “TSVX”).

About Contact Gold Corp.

Contact Gold is an exploration company focused on producing district scale gold discoveries in Nevada. Contact Gold’s extensive land holdings are on the prolific Carlin, Independence and Northern Nevada Rift gold trends which host numerous gold deposits and mines. Upon closing, Contact Gold’s land position will comprise approximately 212 km2 of target rich mineral tenure hosting numerous known gold occurrences, ranging from early- to advanced-exploration and resource definition stage.

Additional information about the Company is available at www.contactgold.com.

For more information, please contact: +1 (604) 416-0576
John Glanville – Director Investor Relations
Chris Pennimpede – Corporate Development
E-mail: info@ContactGold.com

Neither the TSXV nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSXV) accepts responsibility for the adequacy of this release. No stock exchange, securities commission or other regulatory authority has approved or disapproved the information contained herein.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information

This news release contains “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” (collectively, “forward-looking statements”) within the meaning of the applicable Canadian securities legislation. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements and are based on expectations, estimates and projections as at the date of this news release. Any statement that involves discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions, future events or performance (often but not always using phrases such as “expects”, or “does not expect”, “is expected”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate”, “plans”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “forecasts”, “estimates”, “believes” or “intends” or variations of such words and phrases or stating that certain actions, events or results “may” or “could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken to occur or be achieved) are not statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements. In this news release, forward-looking statements relate, among other things, to the anticipated closing of the Transaction, and exploration activities of the Company on the Pony Creek property.

These forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions and estimates of management of the Company at the time such statements were made. Actual future results may differ materially as forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to materially differ from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors, among other things, include; fluctuations in general macroeconomic conditions; fluctuations in securities markets; fluctuations in spot and forward prices of gold, silver, base metals or certain other commodities; fluctuations in currency markets (such as the Canadian dollar to United States dollar exchange rate); change in national and local government, legislation, taxation, controls, regulations and political or economic developments; risks and hazards associated with the business of mineral exploration, development and mining (including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected formations pressures, cave-ins and flooding); inability to obtain adequate insurance to cover risks and hazards; the presence of laws and regulations that may impose restrictions on mining; employee relations; relationships with and claims by local communities and indigenous populations; availability of increasing costs associated with mining inputs and labour; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and development (including the risks of obtaining necessary licenses, permits and approvals from government authorities); and title to properties. Although the forward-looking statements contained in this news release are based upon what management of the Company believes, or believed at the time, to be reasonable assumptions, the Company cannot assure shareholders that actual results will be consistent with such forward-looking statements, as there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. Readers should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements and information contained in this news release.

The Company assumes no obligation to update the forward-looking statements of beliefs, opinions, projections, or other factors, should they change, except as required by law.

Categories
Energy

URANIUM | NexGen Announces 64% Increase in Average Annual After-tax Cash Flow in Pre-Feasibility Study, After Tax NPV of $3.7BN, 43% Increase in

VANCOUVERNov. 5, 2018 /PRNewswire/ – NexGen Energy Ltd. (“NexGen” or the “Company”) (TSX:NXE, NYSE:NXE) is pleased to announce the results of an independent Pre-Feasibility Study (“PFS” or the “Study”) and Mineral Resource update of the basement-hosted Arrow Deposit, located on the Company’s 100% owned Rook I project (“Arrow” or the “Project”) in the Athabasca Basin in Saskatchewan, Canada.  The PFS was completed jointly by Wood Group, and Roscoe Postle Associates Inc. (“RPA”), with other technical inputs completed by sub-consultants.

Pre-Feasibility Study Highlights

Table 1 – Summary of Arrow Deposit Pre-Feasibility Study (based on US $50/lb U3O8)

PEA (July 31, 2017)

PFS

Variance

After-Tax Net Present Value (8% discount)

CAD $3.49 Billion

CAD $3.7 Billion

+6%

After-Tax Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

56.7%

56.8%

After-Tax Payback

1.1 Years

1.2 Years

+9%

Initial Capital Costs (“CAPEX”)

CAD $1.19 Billion

CAD $1.25 Billion

+5%

Average Annual Production (Life of Mine)

18.5 M lbs U3O8

25.4 M lbs U3O8

+37%

Average Annual Production (Years 1-5)

27.6 M lbs U3O8

29.0 M lbs U3O8

+5%

Average Daily Throughput

1,448 tonnes per day

1,039 tonnes per day

-28%

Average Annual Grade

1.73% U3O8

3.09% U3O8

+79%

Mine Life

15 Years

9 Years

-6 years

Average Annual After -Tax Net Cash Flow
(Life of Mine)

CAD $553 Million

CAD $909 Million

+64%

Average Annual Operating Cost (“OPEX”,
Life of Mine)

CAD $8.37

 (US $6.70)/lb U3O8

CAD $ 5.81

 (US $4.36)/lb U3O8

-31%

Operating Margins (Life of Mine)

85.5%

90.6%

+6%

Note: PEA based on CAD $1.00 = US $0.80, PFS based on CAD $1.00 = US $0.75

  1. CAPEX – Increased due to the introduction of Provincial Sales Tax (PST) applicable to capital projects.  Excluding PST, initial capital costs reduced by approximately CAD $64 Million to CAD $1.18 Billion (0.5% lower than PEA). Additionally, due to the reallocation of tailings management to operating costs, the sustaining capital component of capital expenditures has been significantly reduced.
  2. Mine Life – PFS is based on Indicated Resources only and does not include the current additional Inferred Resources 91.70 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 4.84 M tonnes grading 0.86% U3O8 or further potential increases in the resource base at Arrow that remains open in many directions (Figure 1).

Leigh Curyer, Chief Executive Officer, commented: “An assessment across all of the PFS metrics, results in a substantial improvement to the PEA with a 64% increase in average annual after tax net cash flow. Incorporating only the Indicated Mineral Resource, the life of mine drops from 15 to 9 years, yet the increase in average annual grade – whilst maintaining a consistent capex and lower opex – results in an after tax NPV of $3.7BN. In addition, the 43% increase in Indicated Mineral Resource growth during 2017 demonstrates with closer spaced drilling, Arrow improves and optimizes mine production plans.

With these strong PFS results,  the Company is expediting Arrow to Feasibility by initiating a 2 stage 125,000m (10 rig) high density drilling program. This will be the largest drilling, geotechnical and hydrogeological focused program in the history of NexGen. Preparations are well underway with the program brought forward and scheduled to commence in early December 2018.

I would like to take the opportunity to congratulate the entire NexGen team, key consultants, local communities and Government departments for their outstanding commitment and execution of Arrow’s development.”

Conference Call

NexGen will host a conference call today, Monday November 5, 2018 at 11.00 AM Eastern Standard Time.

To join the call please dial (+1) 416 764 8688 (local/international) or (+1) 888 390 0546 (North America toll free) with passcode 49399985 and an operator will assist.

A recorded version of the proceedings will be available on NexGen’s website (www.nexgenenergy.ca) shortly after the conference.  The playback numbers are (+1) 416 764 8677  (local/international) and (+1) 888 390 0541 (North America toll free) and the playback passcode is 399985 #.  The playback will be available until Tuesday, February 05, 2019.

Table 2 – PFS Sensitivity to Uranium Price

Uranium Price ($ USD/lb U3O8)

After-Tax NPV8

After-Tax IRR

After-Tax Cash Pay Back

$80/lb U3O8

CAD $6.62 Billion

80.4%

0.8 Years

$60/lb U3O8

CAD $4.65 Billion

65.5%

1.0 Years

$50/lb U3O8

CAD $3.66 Billion

56.8%

1.2 Years

$40/lb U3O8

CAD $2.67 Billion

46.9%

1.5 Years

$30/lb U3O8

CAD $1.69 Billion

35.6%

1.9 Years

$25/lb U3O8

CAD $1.19 Billion

28.9%

2.3 Years

Key Updates of the 2018 PFS from the 2017 PEA

  • Reduction in CAPEX due to a reduced mine footprint as a result of higher head grades and also the reallocation of the underground tailings to operating costs. If the recently introduced PST is ignored for an apples-to-apples comparison on capital cost estimates from the PEA to the PFS, the PFS capital cost would be even lower.
  • 31% reduction in average annual OPEX to CAD $5.81/lb U3O8(from CAD $8.37/lb U3O8) despite the PFS recategorizing the underground tailings to OPEX instead of sustaining capital as per the PEA. These costs account for 21% of OPEX.
  • 43% increase in Indicated Mineral Resources from 179.5 M lb of U3O8 contained in 1.18 M tonnes grading 6.88% U3O8 from the March 2017 Mineral Resource estimate to 256.6 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 2.89 M tonnes grading 4.03% U3O8.
  • Average Annual Production increase from 18.5 M lbs U308 in the PEA to 25.4M lbs U308 due to higher head grades increasing from 1.73% U308 in the PEA to 3.09 % U3O8 in the PFS.
  • Average mining rate decrease from 1,448 tonnes per day to 1,039 tonnes per day.
  • Metallurgical pilot plant and bench scale testing optimized recovery resulting in increased total processing recovery rate to 97.6% versus 96.0% in the PEA.
  • Metallurgical process was updated resulting in ammonia being eliminated entirely from the process which strengthens the environmental performance of the envisioned Rook I Project.
  • Metallurgical paste-fill test work confirmed proof of concept for uranium tailings to be used for cemented paste backfill underground.
  • Lateral development reduced from 78,805 metres to 39,908 meters due to a reduced mine footprint.
  • Vertical development was reduced from 3,832 in the PEA to 3,059 due to the elimination of a fresh air raise which has been redesigned and combined with the primary production shaft.

Mineral Resources

The Arrow Deposit Mineral Resource estimate was updated, and the Indicated Mineral Resources form the basis for the PFS. The Indicated portion of the resource has increased by 43% from the previous resource estimate (see News Release dated: March 6, 2017).  The updated estimate comprises an Indicated Mineral Resource of 256.6 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 2.89 M tonnes grading 4.03% U3O8, including the A2 High Grade Core of 181.0 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 0.46 M tonnes grading 17.85% U3O8 and an Inferred Mineral Resource of 91.7 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 4.84 M tonnes grading 0.86% U3O8.

The tonnes, grades, and classification of the Mineral Reserves defined in the PFS mine design are summarized below in Table 4.

Table 3 – Arrow Mineral Resource Estimate

March 2017 Arrow Mineral Resource Estimate 

 2018 Arrow Mineral Resource Estimate 

 Diff. Between Arrow 2018 & 2017 Mineral Resource Estimate 

 Structure 

 Tonnage (Tonnes)

 Grade (U3O8%)

 Metal

U3O8

(U3O8 lb)

 Tonnage (Tonnes)

 Grade (U3O8%) 

 Metal U3O8 (U3O8 lb)

 Tonnage (Tonnes)

 Grade (U3O8%) 

 Metal

U3O8

(U3O8 lb)

 Indicated Mineral Resources 

 A2

790,000

0.84

14,500,000

1,240,000

0.79

21,700,000

450,000

(0.05)

7,200,000

 A2 HG 

400,000

18.87

164,900,000

460,000

17.85

181,000,000

60,000

(1.02)

16,100,000

 A3

 No Indicated in 2017 

1,010,000

0.70

15,500,000

1,010,000

0.70

15,500,000

 A3 HG 

 No Indicated in 2017 

180,000

9.68

38,400,000

180,000

9.68

38,400,000

 Total: 

1,180,000

6.88

179,500,000

2,890,000

4.03

256,600,000

1,700,000

(2.85)

77,200,000

 Inferred Mineral Resources 

 A1 

860,000

0.75

14,300,000

1,510,000

0.72

23,900,000

650,000

(0.04)

9,600,000

 A2 

1,100,000

0.76

18,500,000

1,290,000

0.70

19,900,000

190,000

(0.06)

1,400,000

 A2 HG 

30,000

13.00

8,600,000

5,000

12.70

1,400,000

(25,000)

(0.30)

(7,200,000)

 A3 

1,460,000

1.16

37,300,000

1,230,000

1.11

30,000,000

(230,000)

(0.05)

(7,300,000)

 A3 HG 

150,000

8.53

28,200,000

1,000

9.07

200,000

(149,000)

0.54

(28,000,000)

 A4 

550,000

1.06

12,900,000

800,000

0.92

16,300,000

250,000

(0.14)

3,400,000

180

110,000

0.95

2,300,000

 Combined into A3 & A4 

(110,000)

(0.95)

(2,300,000)

 Total: 

4,260,000

1.30

122,100,000

4,840,000

0.86

91,700,000

580,000

(0.44)

(30,400,000)

Notes:

1.

CIM Definition Standards were followed for Mineral Resources, Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of Mineral Reserves.

2.

Mineral Resources are reported at a cut-off grade of 0.25% U3O8 based on a long-term price of US$50 per lb U3O8and estimated costs.

3.

A minimum mining width of 1.0 m was used, with a Mineral Resource effective date of May 25th, 2018.

4.

Numbers may not add due to rounding.

5.

Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economics.

Mineral Reserves

The PFS defines Probable Mineral Reserves of 234.1 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 3.43 Mtonnes grading 3.09% U3O8 from the Indicated Mineral Resources. The Probable Mineral Reserves include diluting materials and allowances for losses which may occur when material is mined.

Table 4 – Arrow Probable Mineral Reserves

Probable Mineral Reserves

 Structure 

Tonnage (Tonnes)

Grade (U3O8%)

Metal U3O8 (U3O8 lb)

A2

2,057,600

4.13%

187,400,000

A3

1,375,500

1.54%

46,700,000

Total

3,433,100

3.09%

234,100,000

Notes:

1.

CIM definitions were followed for Mineral Reserves.

2.

Mineral Reserves are reported with an effective date of May 25, 2018.

3.

Mineral Reserves include transverse and longitudinal stopes, ore development, and incremental ore.

4.

Stopes and ore development were estimated at a cut-off grade of 0.25% U3O8. 

5.

Incremental ore is material between 0.03% U3O8 and 0.25% U3O8 that must be extracted to access mining areas.  0.03% U3O8 is the  limit for what is considered benign waste and material that must be treated and stockpiled in an engineered facility.

6.

No by-product credits have been included in the Mineral Reserve statement.

7.

Mineral Reserves are estimated using a long-term metal price of US$45 per pound U3O8, and a 0.75 US$/C$ exchange rate (C$1.00 = US$0.75). 

8.

A minimum mining width of 3.0 m was applied for all longhole stopes.

9.

The density varies according to the U3O8 grade in the block model.  Waste density is 2.464 t/m3

10.

Numbers may not add due to rounding.

RPA is not aware of any environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-economic, marketing, political, or other relevant factors that could materially affect the Mineral Resource or Mineral Reserve estimates.

Mine Plan and Production Profile

A detailed mine plan based on conventional long-hole stope mining was engineered using Indicated Mineral Resources only. Geotechnical studies during Pre-Feasibility supported the conventional longhole stoping mining method including the use of longitudinal and transverse stopes, 30 m level spacing, and the nominal stope strike length of 15 metres to 30 metres. This represents an excellent stope stability range for underground mining in highly competent conditions. The geometry of the Arrow Deposit enables decoupled production areas in both the A2 and A3, allowing flexibility of mine sequencing. The PFS production profile is underpinned by longhole stopes in the transverse orientation through A2 High Grade mineralization. Arcadis was engaged in the modeling and assessment of radiological effects of underground uranium mining, and they fully endorsed the proposed mining methods and overall plans. The ability to mine transverse longhole stopes through the A2 High Grade will support significant scheduling flexibility enabling NexGen to correlate supply quickly and inexpensively to market conditions.

Furthermore, given the competency and conditions of the underground environment, all waste streams from the process plant are planned to be stored underground.

The PFS mine plan, using a 0.25% U3O8 cut-off grade, includes Probable Mineral Reserves consisting of 234.1 M lbs of U3O8 contained in 3.43 M tonnes grading 3.09% U3O8 that will be extracted by underground mining in an initial nine (9) year mine life.  The mine production schedule envisions a life of mine rate of 1,039 tonnes per day. The underground workings will be accessed by two shafts, the first supporting personnel movements, materials, ore, waste and fresh air. The production shaft will have divided compartments, ensuring that fresh air, and personnel entering the mine, remain isolated from ore being skipped to surface.  The second shaft will be used for exhaust air and secondary egress. Mining extraction is estimated to be 95% of mineralized tonnes for both ore development and stopes. Planned dilution was included in the generation of the stope shapes, and additional backfill dilution (at zero grade) was included where appropriate. Overall rock dilution is estimated to be 31%, with additional backfill dilution applied on secondary stopes only. Figure 3 below presents the annual mining schedule based on set assumptions.

Processing and Underground Tailings Management Facility (“UGTMF”)

The PFS confirmed processing and production of Yellowcake from the Arrow Deposit with conventional processing technology. The main components of the processing plant are:

  • Grinding
  • Leaching
  • Liquid-Solid Separation via Counter Current Decantation
  • Solvent Extraction
  • Yellowcake Precipitation
  • Yellowcake Packaging
  • Paste Tailings Plant

A detailed metallurgical study resulted in process recovery increasing to 97.6% (versus 96% in the PEA). In addition, the ammonia strip process envisioned in the PEA was updated to an acid strip process in the PFS, resulting in the complete elimination of ammonia in the processing facility. Elimination of ammonia from the processing facility will ultimately lead to improved effluent discharge performance.

The Study also confirmed that all processed waste streams can be stored in an Underground Tailings Management Facility (“UGTMF”). The Study also confirmed the geotechnical design, size and sequencing of the UGTMF included in the PFS mine plan. The UGTMF will significantly reduce the surface footprint of the Project and represents continued and ongoing reclamation during operations, allowing for industry leading environmental sensitivity.

PFS test work confirmed paste fill strength meets or exceeds all requirements set in the original design for a potential Paste-Backfill to be used for underground stope stability. The Study confirmed the suitability of the tailings from Arrow Uranium Deposit for use as cemented paste backfill.

NexGen is committed to advancing the Project with innovative approaches to mine design, management and operation in order to deliver enhanced environmental, social and economic performance.

Capital Costs

A capital cost estimate (Class 4 – AACE International classification guidelines) was produced for the PFS. The pre-production CAPEX for the contemplated underground mine, process plant and supporting infrastructure at Arrow are estimated at CAD $1.247 billion with sustaining capital costs of CAD $262 million (including $48 Million for decommissioning). Wood and RPA estimated the capital costs based on a three-dimensional civil model, a mechanical equipment list, material takeoffs, vendor budget quotations on major and secondary equipment, and inputs from leading expert service providers who have experience in construction projects and cost estimation both in the Athabasca Basin and globally. Pre-production construction is envisioned to be complete in three (3) years, the construction phase will be supported by a labour force consisting of skilled labour, trades people, professionals and administration. The Study determined the total personnel hours required for pre-production construction is 3,557,000 hours. The CAPEX is summarized below in Table 5.

Table 5 – Summary of Capital Cost Estimates

PEA 2017

PFS 2018

Capital Cost Estimates ($ CAD Millions)

Pre-Production

Sustaining

Total

Pre-Production

Sustaining

Total

Variance

Mine

324

205

529

303

194

497

-6%

Process Plant, Infrastructure & Indirects

627

199

826

736

20

756

-9%

Decommissioning

0

64

64

0

48

48

-25%

Contingency

237

0

237

208

0

208

-12%

Total Capital Costs

1,188

468

1,656

1,247

262

1,509

-9%

Notes on Variances

  • Mine – Reduced mining extents due to increase in mining head grades as a result using Indicated Resources only.
  • Process Plant, Infrastructure & Indirects -Tailings management costs re-allocated to operating costs.
  • Decommissioning – Higher resolution on decommissioning costs.
  • Contingency – Increased confidence level of cost estimates.

Operating Costs

The OPEX estimate outperformed the PEA and is based on a shaft-accessed underground mine with a conventional longitudinal and transverse long-hole stope mining method, conventional processing facility and underground processed waste management facility. While in operation the PFS defines a required workforce of 491 persons, the expertise required ranges from skilled labour, equipment operators, mining professionals, technical professional, management and administrative. NexGen’s community-first approach ensures opportunities are prioritized within the local region. The OPEX is summarized below in Tables 6 and 8, and the per unit all-in sustaining cost is summarized in Table 7.

Table 6 – Unit Operating Cost Estimates

OPEX Per Pound

PEA $ CAD/lb U308

PFS $ CAD/lb U308

Mining

3.61

2.35

Mineral Processing

3.03

2.46

General and Administration

1.73

1.00

Total Operating Costs

8.37

5.81

Table 7 – PFS All-In Sustaining Cost Estimates (“AISC”)

AISC

PFS $ CAD/lb U308

Operating Costs

5.81

Revenue Royalties

4.81

Transportation

0.34

Reclamation Cost

0.21

Sustaining Capital

0.94

AISC

12.11

Table 8 – Per Tonne Operating Cost Estimates

OPEX Per Tonne

PEA $ CAD/t

PFS $ CAD/t

Mining

131.87

157.31

Mineral Processing

110.91

164.65

General and Administration

63.20

67.11

Total Operating Costs

305.98

389.07

Future Programs

  • As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $133 million in the treasury which fully funds NexGen for the the upcoming and planned programs.
  • Immediate initiation of a 10 rig diamond drilling 2 stage program of 125,000 m focusing on conversion of Arrow Indicated Mineral Resources to Measured of 70,000 m aimed at conversion of Inferred to Indicated Mineral Resources; and 55,000 m to enable additional optimisation of mine production plans.
  • Continued UGTMF study to optimise tailings density and further reduce tailings volume.
  • The capital costs associated with the process plant and associated infrastructure will now undergo an evaluation to review opportunities for capital cost optimization.
  • Project schedule and timeline are also being reviewed to identify opportunities to advance the development.
  • Automation and electric mining equipment continue to evolve rapidly, and opportunities for inclusion are currently being pursued.
  • Detailed evaluation of alternative energy solutions which will further offset electricity costs and support NexGen’s environmental initiatives.

About NexGen

NexGen is a British Columbia corporation with a focus on the acquisition, exploration and development of Canadian uranium projects. NexGen has a highly experienced team of uranium industry professionals with a successful track record in the discovery of uranium deposits and in developing projects through discovery to production.  NexGen owns a portfolio of prospective uranium exploration assets in the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada, including a 100% interest in Rook I, location of the Arrow Deposit in February 2014, the Bow discovery in March 2015, the Harpoon discovery in August 2016 and the Arrow South discovery in July 2017.

Technical Disclosure

The technical information in this news release with respect to the PFS has been reviewed and approved by Paul O’Hara, P.Eng. of Wood., David Robson, P.Eng., M.B.A., and Jason Cox, P.Eng. of RPA, each of whom is a “qualified person” under National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI-43-101“).

The Mineral Resource Estimate was completed by Mr. Mark Mathisen, C.P.G., Senior Geologist at RPA and Mr. David Ross, P.Geo., Director of Resource Estimation and Principal Geologist at RPA.  Both are independent Qualified Persons in accordance with the requirements of National Instrument (NI) 43-101 and they have approved the disclosure herein. All other technical information in this news release has been approved by Mr. Troy Boisjoli, Geoscientist Licensee, Vice President – Operations & Project Development for NexGen.  Mr. Boisjoli is a qualified person for the purposes of NI 43-101 and has verified the sampling, analytical, and test data underlying the information or opinions contained herein by reviewing original data certificates and monitoring all of the data collection protocols.

A technical report in respect of the PFS will be filed on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml) within 45 days of this news release.

SEC Standards

Estimates of mineralization and other technical information included or referenced in this news release have been prepared in accordance with NI 43-101. The definitions of proven and probable mineral reserves used in NI 43-101 differ from the definitions in SEC Industry Guide 7. Under SEC Industry Guide 7 standards, a “final” or “bankable” feasibility study is required to report reserves, the three-year historical average price is used in any reserve or cash flow analysis to designate reserves and the primary environmental analysis or report must be filed with the appropriate governmental authority. As a result, the reserves reported by the Company in accordance with NI 43-101 may not qualify as “reserves” under SEC standards. In addition, the terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource” and “inferred mineral resource” are defined in and required to be disclosed by NI 43-101; however, these terms are not defined terms under SEC Industry Guide 7 and normally are not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of the mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into reserves. “Inferred mineral resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian securities laws, estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. Additionally, disclosure of “contained pounds” in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian securities laws; however, the SEC normally only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute “reserves” by SEC standards as in place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measurements. Accordingly, information contained or referenced in this news release containing descriptions of the Company’s mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements of United Statesfederal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

Technical Information

For details of the Rook I Project including the quality assurance program and quality control measures applied and key assumptions, parameters and methods used to estimate the Mineral Resource please refer to the technical report entitled “Technical Report on the Preliminary Economic Assessment of the Arrow Deposit, Rook 1 Property, Province of Saskatchewan, Canada” dated effective September 1, 2017 (the “Rook 1 Technical Report”) prepared by Jason J. Cox, P.Eng., David M. Robson, P.Eng., M.B.A., Mark B. Mathisen, C.P.G., David A. Ross M.Sc., P.Geo., Val Coetzee, M.Eng., Pr.Eng., and Mark Wittrup, M.Sc., P.Eng.,P.Geo. each of whom is a “qualified person” under NI 43-101. The Rook I Technical Report is available for review under the Company’s profile on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. A technical report in respect of the PFS will be filed on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml) within 45 days of this news release providing details of the Rook I Project including the quality assurance program and quality control measures applied and key assumptions, parameters and methods used to estimate the Mineral Resource.

Forward-Looking Information

The information contained herein contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. “Forward-looking information” includes, but is not limited to, statements with respect to the activities, events or developments that the Company expects or anticipates will or may occur in the future. Generally, but not always, forward-looking information and statements can be identified by the use of words such as “plans”, “expects”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates”, or “believes” or the negative connotation thereof or variations of such words and phrases or state that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will be taken”, “occur” or “be achieved” or the negative connotation thereof.

Forward-looking information and statements are based on the then current expectations, beliefs, assumptions, estimates and forecasts about NexGen’s business and the industry and markets in which it operates. Forward-looking information and statements are made based upon numerous assumptions, including among others, that the proposed transaction will be completed, the results of planned exploration activities are as anticipated, the price of uranium, the cost of planned exploration activities, that financing will be available if and when needed and on reasonable terms, that third party contractors, equipment, supplies and governmental and other approvals required to conduct NexGen’s planned exploration activities will be available on reasonable terms and in a timely manner and that general business and economic conditions will not change in a material adverse manner. Although the assumptions made by the Company in providing forward looking information or making forward looking statements are considered reasonable by management at the time, there can be no assurance that such assumptions will prove to be accurate.

Forward-looking information and statements also involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties and other factors, which may cause actual results, performances and achievements of NexGen to differ materially from any projections of results, performances and achievements of NexGen expressed or implied by such forward-looking information or statements, including, among others, negative operating cash flow and dependence on third party financing, uncertainty of the availability of additional financing, the risk that pending assay results will not confirm previously announced preliminary results, imprecision of mineral resource estimates, the appeal of alternate sources of energy and sustained low uranium prices, aboriginal title and consultation issues, exploration risks, reliance upon key management and other personnel, deficiencies in the Company’s title to its properties, uninsurable risks, failure to manage conflicts of interest, failure to obtain or maintain required permits and licenses, changes in laws, regulations and policy, competition for resources and financing, and other factors discussed or referred to in the Company’s Annual Information Form dated March 31, 2017 under “Risk Factors”.

Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking information or implied by forward-looking information, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended.

There can be no assurance that forward-looking information and statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated, estimated or intended. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or reissue forward-looking information as a result of new information or events except as required by applicable securities laws.

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GROUP TEN METALS | On the Search for Platinum Group Metals in Montana

Michael Rowley, president and CEO of Group Ten Metals sits down with Maurice Jackson of Proven and Probable to discuss his companies exploration for platinum, palladium, nickel, copper and cobalt in the Stillwater area of Montana.  This is part 2 of a 3 part series introduction into the value proposition of the Metallic Group of Companies. Important Note: Enclosed is a Financing Opportunity of Accredited Investors.

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Original Source: https://www.streetwisereports.com/article/2018/11/02/on-the-search-for-platinum-group-metals-in-montana.html
Maurice Jackson: Welcome to Proven & Probable. I’m your host, Maurice Jackson. Joining us today is Michael Rowley, president and CEO of Group Ten Metals Inc. (PGE:TSX.V; PGEZF:OTCQB), which is known for platinum, palladium, nickel, copper and cobalt in the Stillwater district in Montana.
This interview is the second of a three-part series introducing the value proposition for the Metallic Group of Companies comprising Metallic Minerals, Group Ten Metals and Granite Creek Copper. These are three separate leading exploration companies, each with a different metal of focus, but with a common approach to business under the proven management of the Metallic Group.

Earlier we interviewed Greg Johnson to talk about Metallic Minerals and its exciting high-grade silver projects in the Yukon. Today we turn our focus to a second company in the Metallic Group, Group Ten Metals, a leading explorer for platinum, palladium, nickel, copper and cobalt in the world-famous Stillwater district in Montana.
Mr. Rowley, for someone new to the story who is Group Ten Metals, what is your flagship project, and what is the thesis you are attempting to prove?
Michael Rowley: Group Ten is a leading explorer for platinum group metals—these include platinum, palladium and rhodium, along with nickel, copper and cobalt.

Our flagship project is the Stillwater West project where we have consolidated a very large land position alongside Sibanye-Stillwater’s three producing mines in the heart of the Stillwater Igneous Complex in Montana. It’s one of the world’s premier platinum and palladium producers and is one of the only platinum group metal producing mines outside of South Africa or Russia.
Geologically, Stillwater is a large, layered, mineral-rich magmatic system, very similar to the Bushveld complex in South Africa, which hosts over 75% of the world’s platinum, as well as enormous quantities of copper, nickel, gold and other metals.
We see the potential for large-scale disseminated and high-sulphide PGE-nickel-copper type deposits similar to the multi-100-million-ounce deposits in the Platreef district of the northern limb of the Bushveld Complex, and we are the first to apply the new geological models from the Platreef district to the Stillwater district, despite these well-known similarities.
In addition to bringing the land position together with a wealth of data, we have also assembled a truly world-class team, to which we recently added one of the most celebrated Platreef geologists, Dr. David Broughton of Ivanhoe.
Maurice Jackson: Please share where in Montana the Stillwater West Project is located, and provide us some historical context.
Michael Rowley: The project is located in south-central Montana where we adjoin the three producing Stillwater mines, which were bought by Sibanye, a South African gold producer, in 2017 for $2.2 billion. The district is famous for the size and grade of its palladium-platinum mines, which are the highest grade in the world, and the largest outside of Africa and Russia with over 14 million ounces of past production, and over 80 million ounces of resources still in the ground. The PGMs occur along with nickel and copper sulphide, so these are also nickel and copper mines.
Historically, the district, including our block of claims, was also mined for high-grade nickel, copper, chrome and other metals such as cobalt.
The history at Stillwater parallels the developments at the Bushveld Complex in South Africa, so they share more than geology in that regard. Both districts were recognized over 100 years ago for their mineral riches, and both supported a number of mines for varying commodities. And, in both districts, the discovery of high-grade “reef-type” platinum group metal deposits in the 1970s produced large-scale operations that were the sole focus of exploration efforts until the 1990s when regulatory changes forced a release of mineral rights to other operators. In Montana, these changes were in the form of amended U.S. claim fees, while in South Africa it was the end of apartheid. In South Africa, the resulting exploration efforts lead to the development of Anglo American’s Mogalakwena Mines, a giant at over 265 Moz PGMs and a very profitable operation that is the largest open-pit platinum mine in the world. Adjacent to that, Ivanhoe is now building the Platreef mine on the same system with over 112 Moz platinum plus substantial nickel and copper values.
We are the first operators to consolidate the lower Stillwater Complex under one owner, to recognize the similarities of the two systems, and to bring a focused exploration program for Platreef-type deposits to the Stillwater complex in Montana.
Maurice Jackson: Group Ten is exploring for platinum, palladium, nickel, copper and cobalt in a world-class district; compare and contrast how your deposits compare to similar districts like South Africa’s Bushveld, and also your neighbors in Montana at Sibanye-Stillwater.
Michael Rowley: The Bushveld and Stillwater complexes are both layered magmatic systems, which means that they were both created when enormous amounts of metal-rich magma cooled, forming these massive districts nearly 3 billion years ago. As a result, both districts have high-grade PGM-Ni-Cu deposits in the upper layers and they also have lower zones where magmas where allowed to mix, creating thick intervals of sulphide mineralization enriched in PGMs.
At Bushveld, two basic types of mines have been developed for these two deposit types: narrow high-grade PGM mines on two reef-type deposits, and more recently bulk mining operations in the Platreef district such as Anglo’s Mogalakwena mines and Ivanhoe’s underground mechanized operation.
At Stillwater the operating mines have focused on narrow, high-grade reef-style deposits. These are the highest grade in the industry, but no systematic effort has been undertaken to explore for and develop Platreef-style mineralization. Group Ten Metals is now exploring in the lower part of the complex for potential large-scale Platreef deposits in the Stillwater district, following the parallels of the same type of settings in South Africa that have produced the Platreef deposits.
Maurice Jackson: Mr. Rowley, we’ve covered some good background on the Stillwater West Project, walk us through the project.
Michael Rowley: Let’s begin with some of our claim holdings in the Stillwater district and some of the existing resources and operations there. As you can see on the Regional Claims Map, Group Ten’s Stillwater West land position, shown in yellow and orange, is a large 25-km-long claim block located directly adjacent to Sibanye’s three operating Stillwater mines (shown in grey). Proximity to the existing mines provides access to infrastructure such as roads from the west and from the northeast.

Maurice Jackson: What can you share with us regarding the geology and the potential that we have at the Stillwater West project?
Michael Rowley: This is a layered magmatic system, and layering is visible in the geologic map of the Stillwater Complex, as it shows the J-M reef deposit—this is the world’s highest-grade major PGE deposit at 16 g/t, and, at 80 Moz, the largest outside of South Africa and Russia.
Looking at the cross-section of the Stillwater Complex shown on the District Geology figure, this layering is clearly visible. Layers of metal-rich magma were laid down at formation, and then the whole system was later tipped up 60 degrees, which is more amenable to both mining and exploration as mineralization starts right at surface.

Like the Bushveld complex in South Africa, narrow reef deposits occur in the middle and upper layered portions of the igneous system, while the lower portion of the complex, shown here in orange, purple and light blue, are the basal layers where magma mixed with pre-existing rock, created large, disseminated and massive sulphide deposits such as those in the Platreef district in South Africa. Though it was previously recognized these areas had significant nickel and copper mineralization, this is the first time the potential for large PGM deposits with nickel and copper have been recognized, and the similarities to the large deposits in South Africa make this a very exciting exploration target for Group Ten.
Maurice Jackson: What can you share with us regarding geophysics?
Michael Rowley: A geophysical survey measuring the electrical conductivity of the rocks was conducted over the entire property. High metal contents in the rocks would make them highly conductive so this survey gives a very good indication of metal sulphide content of the mineralization that hosts the PGMs, copper and nickel. This type of geophysics is one of the main targeting tools used by companies exploring for metal sulphide deposits and maps the PGE-Ni-Cu targets, as shown in the top half of slide 8. The survey results indicate seven very large highly conductive targets across the lower part of the complex (highlighted by large blue ellipses as Platreef-type deposits), and five high-grade reef type targets (highlighted by red ellipses), above the lower part of the complex, where they would be expected.

Surface and drill results confirm that these conductors are mineralized with PGMs, nickel and copper, and that a good relationship exists between conductivity and metal content. However, Group Ten will be the first company to systematically drill test these targets in the basal zone for these types of deposits. The strongest conductive targets have yet to be tested, so these are very exciting priority targets for us.
Note that the main part of the property is over 20 km long, and that these individual targets are 3 to 6 kilometers in length each, large enough individually to contain a deposit the size of Ivanhoe’s or Anglo American’s Platreef deposits!
Maurice Jackson: What do we know about the soil geochemistry?
Michael Rowley: In addition to the geophysics, we have identified very high levels of metals in soils covering an 18-kilometer-long area with high levels of platinum, palladium, nickel and copper. These elevated metals in soils correlate well with the geophysical targets and the shape of the underlying geology. Group Ten’s work in 2018 was the first property-wide effort to target large-scale Platreef-type systems in the lower Stillwater Complex and to see this combination of large scale geochemical and geophysical targets is very rare.

Maurice Jackson: Tell us a bit more about these geologic targets that you have identified.
Michael Rowley: Below is a picture of some of the core from our property showing strong sulphide mineralization with PGE-Ni-Cu-Co values in the lower part of the Stillwater Complex.
We have identified two primary target types: the high-grade “reef-type” type deposits that are being currently mined by Sibanye-Stillwater and the Platreef-type that Group Ten is targeting based on evidence in the data, and geologic parallels with the Bushveld in South Africa.

Maurice Jackson: What do we know about the styles of mineralization in this kind of geologic environment?
Michael Rowley: In terms of mineralization and mineralization type, slide 11 presents and compares reef type and Platreef-type targets. The Reef type deposits are presented in the brown color box and photos, and we’ve taken the Merensky and the J-M Reef as examples, one from Bushveld and one from Stillwater. Very high grade, very narrow thickness. On the right hand side of the slide are some good pictures showing what it’s like to operate in these mines. Merensky happens to be flat lying, and the mines are deep and expensive to operate. It is expected that many of these marginal Merensky mines will close due to their high costs, which should drive platinum prices in the coming years, with continued reduction of supply even as demand for platinum and palladium continue to grow.
The lower picture on the right shows mining of the J-M Reef deposits at Stillwater, at a 60 degree angle that’s more amenable to mining.

The key take-away from this slide is the scale of the Platreef-style deposits shown in the grey box in the lower left of the slide with the picture of Mogalakwena mine. The thicknesses that we see in the mineralization, and the contained metal in these deposits—these are very large and economically attractive bulk mining operations. It’s worth noting that Anglo American’s Platreef Mogalakwena Mines are the largest and most profitable platinum mines in the world. Ivanhoe’s adjoining Platreef Mine is going to be a very high-tech underground bulk mining operation that looks similarly very economically attractive, and that’s potential that we see at Stillwater West.
Maurice Jackson: The Stillwater West is considered a large brownfields exploration property; how is this important in terms of the potential for exploration discovery and development?

Michael Rowley: Brownfields is a term for a property that is in an area that has had past discoveries and/or production. So this in contrast to a greenfields property, which is outside of proven mining areas.
Many people don’t realize that the majority of exploration dollars spent in the mining industry go to exploration around existing mines because it is one of the best places to make new discoveries and to rapidly be developed and produced using existing infrastructure. The adage is “the best place to find a mine is right next to an existing one.”
In this case, at Stillwater, we have consolidated the district alongside three operating mines owned by Stillwater-Sibanye and are exploring in this same highly productive geologic environment, significantly increasing the probability of making new discoveries and potentially allowing for rapid development of low capital deposits because they are near surface and have the benefit of existing roads, power and other infrastructure already in the district.
Maurice Jackson: Group Ten has other assets in its portfolio. Where are these located, and please provide us with some historical background.

Michael Rowley: Following the Metallic Group model of acquiring quality assets in districts during the low parts of the metals price cycle, Group Ten has another PGE nickel copper project in the Kluane belt of the Yukon. This adjoins Nickel Creek Platinum’s Wellgreen project. World-class geology, and excellent potential for scale and grade there. We are seeing good interest in this asset as well but it’s at an earlier stage than the Stillwater asset.

We also have the Black Lake/Drayton gold project, which adjoins First Mining’s Goldlund project and Treasury Metals Goliath project in the Rainy River belt of Ontario. We have several groups looking at this project as it is a 30-kilometer-long belt of productive geology that sits between two multi-million-ounce gold deposits. We’ve consolidated an impressive land position and database during the bear market and this is a very active exploration district.

Maurice Jackson: What work have you done this year, and how do you prioritize them alongside your flagship Stillwater West project?
Michael Rowley: Work programs at Kluane were focused on target refinement with an eye to adding value and assisting some of the parties from whom we have had expressions of interest. Similarly, in Ontario our work has consisted of refining targets and presenting the potential of the project to the groups we have under CA looking at a possible acquisition or partnership.
Maurice Jackson: You are just wrapping up exploration for this season at Stillwater West so when should we expect to see the next results from this year’s work?
Michael Rowley: This was only our first year on the ground at Stillwater and yet, because of the amount of information we have including surface sampling, mapping, drilling and geophysics we have already identified 12 major targets on the property.

In addition, we have re-logged over 11,000 meters of core that is in our possession, some of which was assayed incompletely, or never assayed at all, and certainly never looked at with the bulk tonnage model we are using. Those results, and the new 3D models they will drive, are expected to give us a lot of news flow over the next several months as we detail the information in each of our target zones with the objective to develop and refine the targets for drilling and to focus on those areas that we may be able to rapidly advance towards new resources.
Maurice Jackson: What is management’s philosophy, are you looking to build mines or are you focused on exploration?

Michael Rowley: We are very much focused on the opportunity to make discoveries and to rapidly advance those to resource definition, as shown on slide 13. This stage can be one of the greatest periods for value creation in mining for investors. It’s not uncommon that the value that’s created in that initial discovery and resource development phase may not be exceeded again until these projects actually go into production, often times many years later.
Maurice Jackson: Switching gears, I’ve learned from some of the most respected names in the natural resource space—Rick Rule, Doug Casey, Jayant Bhandari, Mickey Fulp, Bob Moriarty—that the people running the business are equally, if not more important, than the latent material in the ground. Mr. Rowley, please introduce us to your board of directors and management team, and what unique skill sets do they bring to Group Ten Metals?
Michael Rowley: The quality of the Stillwater asset in particular has enabled us to attract a remarkable team. Dr. Craig Bow, who was part of the original discovery at Stillwater, is back leading the team now. Dr. Dave Broughton, of course of Ivanhoe, awarded for the discovery of the Platreef deposit and other world-class mines for Ivanhoe, just recently joined as senior technical advisor. They both are very excited about the potential here, and are experts in this type of deposit. In addition, we have a number of experienced team members who have worked in this region for decades. Its a great group of people to work with. And of course the Metallic Group management team, Greg Johnson, Gregor Hamilton, Bill Harris, myself, all of us veterans are of the industry. The team brings great depth of experience with specialized expertise in PGM and nickel systems.

Maurice Jackson: Tell us about your share structure, options and warrants.

Michael Rowley: It’s early days, we have a market cap of about $8 million, and about 44 million shares outstanding. Key point is we have $3 million of both in the money warrants that are callable and that’s after bringing in about $800,000 worth of those to date.
Maurice Jackson: What is your burn rate?
Michael Rowley: Presently it is about $50,000 per month. That includes our technical team and we do a good job of keeping costs down by sharing office and other back office expenses with the Metallic Group companies.
Maurice Jackson: Do you have institutional investors at this point?
Michael Rowley: We have a couple of mining-focused institutional funds with one out of Europe and one out of Toronto and a great set of high net worth investors.
Maurice Jackson: What is the float?
Michael Rowley: It’s pretty tightly held so probably about 20 million shares, and we turn over about one or two million shares per month.
Maurice Jackson: Mr. Rowley, multilayered question, what is the unanswered question for Group Ten Metals, when should we expect results, and what will determine success?
Michael Rowley: We have a lot to report through coming months as we continue the work to refine the highest priority drill targets for 2019. We have over 11,000 meters of core that has been re-logged and in places re-sampled, we have completed a comprehensive program of surface mapping and sampling and are integrating the drill information along with the surface work and geophysics.
We will be reporting a large number of assay results over coming months from our 2018 programs and are excited to be able to begin 3D modelling of the geophysics and drilling towards developing a predictive 3D geologic model of the lower Stillwater Complex targets.
Maurice Jackson: Mr. Rowley, in the introduction we alluded to the Metallic Group of Companies, please tell more about this.

Michael Rowley: Group Ten Metals is part of a collaboration of leading exploration companies with some common directors between the companies and a similar approach to business. The Metallic Group of Companies includes Metallic Minerals TSX-V: MMG, which is focused on high-grade silver in the Yukon Territory; Group Ten Metals focused on platinum and palladium along with nickel and copper, in the Stillwater District, of Montana; and the newest company to join the group, Granite Creek Copper, as a newly launched copper focused exploration company with an exciting project right next door to a high-grade copper producer in the Carmacks District of the Yukon.
These three companies have each focused on acquiring large blocks of brownfield holdings during the low part of the metal price cycle, adjacent to operating mines with infrastructure and facilities already in place in the districts. All three companies have multiple targets that have potential for major new discoveries, and are focused on large-scale targets that would be of interest to the major mining companies.
We are applying new technologies to the extensive historical data on these projects that allow us to fast-track target development and refinement and drive rapid advancement to the resource delineation stage.
In each of these situations with these operating mines next door, there is an opportunity to be able to fast track development on these targets by utilizing the existing infrastructure in their respective districts. There is also the potential for partnering with those operators or, if we’re successful in discovering very large scale deposits, to see interest by other larger companies.
The Metallic Group of Companies are reducing costs by having a common admin group and CFO, as well as allowing us to have a deeper technical team with some specialists that can be shared across the group.
It’s an exciting group of companies with a common philosophy. Our objective is to build real value for the Metallic Group investors going forward.
Maurice Jackson: Finally, what did I forget to ask?
Michael Rowley: I think that was a very comprehensive overview of Group Ten, and thank you for it. Perhaps in closing, I’d like to touch on a couple of catalysts ahead. On the industry side, we mentioned South Africa and the costs of mining there and the expected closure of a lot of those high-cost platinum mines. It has been a well-established pattern of falling PGM production out of South Africa year-on-year and the CPM Group’s work out of New York indicates that a lot of mine closures are expected soon, in 2019 and 2020. This is going to have a huge effect on platinum prices, because 75% of the world’s PGMs comes out of those reef deposits in South Africa. It’s also worth noting that we have significant nickel, copper and cobalt, which are such important metals for the rapidly growing battery and technology metals space.
We are very bullish on these metals after a seven-year bear market. With most commodity price cycles running four to six years, we believe that the upside opportunity in these metals moving into the next cycle ahead could be very significant.
Lastly, the fact that the Stillwater West project is a U.S.-based project adjoining these world-class, enormous PGM mines in Montana, with all the existing infrastructure in place can allow us to fast track our progress there.
Maurice Jackson: In our first interview, we shared that there was a financing opportunity for accredited investors. Please share the details with us.
Michael Rowley: We recently announced that we are in the process of completing the initial offering for our newly created copper company, Granite Creek Copper.
Maurice Jackson: For someone listening that wants to get more information on Group Ten Metals, the website address is www.grouptenmetals.com. And as a reminder Group Ten Metals trades on the TSX-V:PGE and on the OTCQB:PGEZF. For direct inquiries please contact Chris Ackerman at 604-357-4790 ext. 1 and he may also be reached at info@grouptenmetals.com
And last but not least please visit our website provenandprobable.com, where we interview the most respected names in the natural resources space. You may reach us at contact@provenandprobable.com.
Michael Rowley of Group Ten Metals, thank you for joining us today on Proven and Probable.
Maurice Jackson is the founder of Proven and Probable, a site that aims to enrich its subscribers through education in precious metals and junior mining companies that will enrich the world.

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